This paper focuses on the current development of the Czech prison system, which feels the strain from prison overcrowding, the need to improve resocialization programmes, and to lower penological recidivism. The paper places particular emphasis on the growing share of women serving prison sentences. An additional area of discussion highlights the need for economic sustainability of the prison system. Said proposals could improve the financial circumstances of the prison system and raise the chances of successful prisoner reintegration into society, precisely because of the employment rate. This paper aims to illustrate the significance of the restorative approach in justice (in contrast to the retributive approach) in combination with economic effectiveness that it can assist in ensuring a stable prison system.