Theses on a related topic (having the same keywords):
namet, business mashups, incident, zmenove rizeni, itil, problem, servis deskKeywords ordered alphabetically | Keywords ordered by occurrence rate
1.
Král, Richard
Faculty: AMBIS University
Year: 2009, studies completed, degree conferred: Ing.
Programme/field: Economics and Management / Information Technologies and Management
Master's thesis defence: Analýza a návrh CRM systému v podniku | Theses on a related topic
Faculty: AMBIS University
Year: 2009, studies completed, degree conferred: Ing.
Programme/field: Economics and Management / Information Technologies and Management
Master's thesis defence: Analýza a návrh CRM systému v podniku | Theses on a related topic
2.
Andeltová, Kateřina
Faculty: AMBIS University
Year: 2024, studies completed, degree conferred: Mgr.
Programme/field: Security & Safety Management / Security & Safety Management
Master's thesis defence: Diagnostika a technologie oprav železniční infrastruktury | Theses on a related topic
Faculty: AMBIS University
Year: 2024, studies completed, degree conferred: Mgr.
Programme/field: Security & Safety Management / Security & Safety Management
Master's thesis defence: Diagnostika a technologie oprav železniční infrastruktury | Theses on a related topic
3.
Bohuslav, Radomír
Faculty: AMBIS University
Year: 2010, studies completed, degree conferred: Ing.
Programme/field: Economics and Management / Information Technologies and Management
Master's thesis defence: Využití Change Management procesu k implementaci změn v datovém centru | Theses on a related topic
Faculty: AMBIS University
Year: 2010, studies completed, degree conferred: Ing.
Programme/field: Economics and Management / Information Technologies and Management
Master's thesis defence: Využití Change Management procesu k implementaci změn v datovém centru | Theses on a related topic
4.
Bronda, Andrej
Faculty: Banking Institute/College of Banking SK
Year: 2014, studies completed, degree conferred: Ing.
Programme/field: Economics and Management / Information Technologies and Management
Master's thesis defence: Vybrané štandardy riadenia podnikovej informatiky | Theses on a related topic
Faculty: Banking Institute/College of Banking SK
Year: 2014, studies completed, degree conferred: Ing.
Programme/field: Economics and Management / Information Technologies and Management
Master's thesis defence: Vybrané štandardy riadenia podnikovej informatiky | Theses on a related topic
5.
Buchar, Jan
Faculty: AMBIS University
Year: 2023, studies completed, degree conferred: Bc.
Programme/field: Security & Safety Management in Regions / Security and Safety Management in Regions (combination/specialization: Bezpečnostně-právní)
Bachelor's thesis defence: Organizace a řízení Městské policie, jako orgánu samosprávy obce | Theses on a related topic
Bachelor's thesis defence: Organizace a řízení Městské policie, jako orgánu samosprávy obce | Theses on a related topic
Bachelor's thesis defence: Organizace a řízení Městské policie, jako orgánu samosprávy obce | Theses on a related topic
Bachelor's thesis defence: Organizace a řízení městské policie jako orgánu samosprávy obce | Theses on a related topic
Faculty: AMBIS University
Year: 2023, studies completed, degree conferred: Bc.
Programme/field: Security & Safety Management in Regions / Security and Safety Management in Regions (combination/specialization: Bezpečnostně-právní)
Bachelor's thesis defence: Organizace a řízení Městské policie, jako orgánu samosprávy obce | Theses on a related topic
Bachelor's thesis defence: Organizace a řízení Městské policie, jako orgánu samosprávy obce | Theses on a related topic
Bachelor's thesis defence: Organizace a řízení Městské policie, jako orgánu samosprávy obce | Theses on a related topic
Bachelor's thesis defence: Organizace a řízení městské policie jako orgánu samosprávy obce | Theses on a related topic
6.
Cendelín, Rostislav
Faculty: AMBIS University
Year: 2012, studies completed, degree conferred: Ing.
Programme/field: Economics and Management / Information Technologies and Management
Master's thesis defence: Audit outsourcingu ICT služeb v bankovním prostředí | Theses on a related topic
Master's thesis defence: Audit outsourcingu ICT služeb v bankovním prostředí | Theses on a related topic
Faculty: AMBIS University
Year: 2012, studies completed, degree conferred: Ing.
Programme/field: Economics and Management / Information Technologies and Management
Master's thesis defence: Audit outsourcingu ICT služeb v bankovním prostředí | Theses on a related topic
Master's thesis defence: Audit outsourcingu ICT služeb v bankovním prostředí | Theses on a related topic
7.
Číková, Margita maiden name: Kamarádová
Faculty: AMBIS University
Year: 2010, studies completed, degree conferred: Bc.
Programme/field: Banking / Property Evaluation
Bachelor's thesis defence: Vliv vad a poruch staveb na ocenění | Theses on a related topic
Bachelor's thesis defence: Specifika stavebního pozemku | Theses on a related topic
Faculty: AMBIS University
Year: 2010, studies completed, degree conferred: Bc.
Programme/field: Banking / Property Evaluation
Bachelor's thesis defence: Vliv vad a poruch staveb na ocenění | Theses on a related topic
Bachelor's thesis defence: Specifika stavebního pozemku | Theses on a related topic
8.
Dlouhý, Filip
Faculty: AMBIS University
Year: 2012, studies completed, degree conferred: Ing.
Programme/field: Economics and Management / Information Technologies and Management
Master's thesis defence: Virtualizace serverů ve středně velkém podniku | Theses on a related topic
Faculty: AMBIS University
Year: 2012, studies completed, degree conferred: Ing.
Programme/field: Economics and Management / Information Technologies and Management
Master's thesis defence: Virtualizace serverů ve středně velkém podniku | Theses on a related topic
9.
Fryč, Martin
Faculty: AMBIS University
Year: 2009, studies completed, degree conferred: Ing.
Programme/field: Economics and Management / Information Technologies and Management
Master's thesis defence: Audit informační bezpečnosti | Theses on a related topic
Faculty: AMBIS University
Year: 2009, studies completed, degree conferred: Ing.
Programme/field: Economics and Management / Information Technologies and Management
Master's thesis defence: Audit informační bezpečnosti | Theses on a related topic
10.
Grosz, Michal
Faculty: AMBIS University
Year: 2015, studies completed, degree conferred: Ing.
Programme/field: Economics and Management / Information Technologies and Management
Master's thesis defence: Zajištění bezpečnosti infrastruktury, aplikací a informací | Theses on a related topic
Faculty: AMBIS University
Year: 2015, studies completed, degree conferred: Ing.
Programme/field: Economics and Management / Information Technologies and Management
Master's thesis defence: Zajištění bezpečnosti infrastruktury, aplikací a informací | Theses on a related topic
11.
Handlová, Andrea maiden name: Handlová
Faculty: AMBIS University
Year: 2021, studies completed, degree conferred: Bc.
Programme/field: Regional Development / Urban and Regional Development Management
Bachelor's thesis defence: Sucho v České republice - příčiny, následky a možnosti adaptace na příkladu vybraného území | Theses on a related topic
Bachelor's thesis defence: Sucho v České republice - příčiny, následky a možnosti adaptace na příkladu vybraného území | Theses on a related topic
Faculty: AMBIS University
Year: 2021, studies completed, degree conferred: Bc.
Programme/field: Regional Development / Urban and Regional Development Management
Bachelor's thesis defence: Sucho v České republice - příčiny, následky a možnosti adaptace na příkladu vybraného území | Theses on a related topic
Bachelor's thesis defence: Sucho v České republice - příčiny, následky a možnosti adaptace na příkladu vybraného území | Theses on a related topic
12.
Hychta, Jiří
Faculty: AMBIS University
Year: 2006, studies completed, degree conferred: Ing.
Programme/field: Economics and Management / Information Technologies and Management
Master's thesis defence: Řízení změn IS/IT v bankovním prostředí | Theses on a related topic
Faculty: AMBIS University
Year: 2006, studies completed, degree conferred: Ing.
Programme/field: Economics and Management / Information Technologies and Management
Master's thesis defence: Řízení změn IS/IT v bankovním prostředí | Theses on a related topic
13.
Chalenko, Ekaterina
Faculty: AMBIS University
Year: 2011, studies completed, degree conferred: Bc.
Programme/field: Banking / Information Technologies (combination/specialization: Auditor of Information Systems)
Bachelor's thesis defence: Možnosti využití COBIT 4.1 pro řízení IS/IT | Theses on a related topic
Faculty: AMBIS University
Year: 2011, studies completed, degree conferred: Bc.
Programme/field: Banking / Information Technologies (combination/specialization: Auditor of Information Systems)
Bachelor's thesis defence: Možnosti využití COBIT 4.1 pro řízení IS/IT | Theses on a related topic
14.
Jakoubek, Martin
Faculty: AMBIS University
Year: 2012, studies completed, degree conferred: Bc.
Programme/field: Regional Development / Regional Development
Bachelor's thesis defence: Prevence, bezpečnost a ochrana života, zdraví, majetku a soukromí obyvatelstva | Theses on a related topic
Faculty: AMBIS University
Year: 2012, studies completed, degree conferred: Bc.
Programme/field: Regional Development / Regional Development
Bachelor's thesis defence: Prevence, bezpečnost a ochrana života, zdraví, majetku a soukromí obyvatelstva | Theses on a related topic
15.
Jánský, František
Faculty: AMBIS University
Year: 2013, studies completed, degree conferred: Ing.
Programme/field: Economics and Management / Information Technologies and Management
Master's thesis defence: Didaktické zpracování metodického rámce pro oblast IT managementu | Theses on a related topic
Faculty: AMBIS University
Year: 2013, studies completed, degree conferred: Ing.
Programme/field: Economics and Management / Information Technologies and Management
Master's thesis defence: Didaktické zpracování metodického rámce pro oblast IT managementu | Theses on a related topic
16.
Kazda, Tomáš
Faculty: AMBIS University
Year: 2010, studies completed, degree conferred: Bc.
Programme/field: Banking / Information Technologies (combination/specialization: IT Service Manager)
Bachelor's thesis defence: Metodika tvorby projektu audiovizuální prezentace informací | Theses on a related topic
Faculty: AMBIS University
Year: 2010, studies completed, degree conferred: Bc.
Programme/field: Banking / Information Technologies (combination/specialization: IT Service Manager)
Bachelor's thesis defence: Metodika tvorby projektu audiovizuální prezentace informací | Theses on a related topic
17.
Kopecký, Ondřej
Faculty: AMBIS University
Year: 2011, studies completed, degree conferred: Ing.
Programme/field: Economics and Management / Information Technologies and Management
Master's thesis defence: Využití ITIL pro zavedení procesu řízení změn | Theses on a related topic
Faculty: AMBIS University
Year: 2011, studies completed, degree conferred: Ing.
Programme/field: Economics and Management / Information Technologies and Management
Master's thesis defence: Využití ITIL pro zavedení procesu řízení změn | Theses on a related topic
18.
Krausová, Barbora
Faculty: AMBIS University
Year: 2010, studies completed, degree conferred: Ing.
Programme/field: Economics and Management / Information Technologies and Management
Master's thesis defence: Propojení ITIL procesů - Change Management | Theses on a related topic
Faculty: AMBIS University
Year: 2010, studies completed, degree conferred: Ing.
Programme/field: Economics and Management / Information Technologies and Management
Master's thesis defence: Propojení ITIL procesů - Change Management | Theses on a related topic
19.
Mertová, Andrea
Faculty: Banking Institute/College of Banking SK
Year: 2013, studies completed, degree conferred: Ing.
Programme/field: Economics and Management / Finance
Master's thesis defence: Kľúčové kompetencie manažérov pri vedení zamestnancov v banke | Theses on a related topic
Faculty: Banking Institute/College of Banking SK
Year: 2013, studies completed, degree conferred: Ing.
Programme/field: Economics and Management / Finance
Master's thesis defence: Kľúčové kompetencie manažérov pri vedení zamestnancov v banke | Theses on a related topic
20.
Mysliveček, Tomáš
Faculty: AMBIS University
Year: 2009, studies completed, degree conferred: Bc.
Programme/field: Banking / Information Technologies (combination/specialization: Project Manager of Information Systems)
Bachelor's thesis defence: Modelování činnosti Helpdesk v prostředí ITIL | Theses on a related topic
Faculty: AMBIS University
Year: 2009, studies completed, degree conferred: Bc.
Programme/field: Banking / Information Technologies (combination/specialization: Project Manager of Information Systems)
Bachelor's thesis defence: Modelování činnosti Helpdesk v prostředí ITIL | Theses on a related topic
21.
Nicolau, Gheorghe
Faculty: AMBIS University
Year: 2012, studies completed, degree conferred: Bc.
Programme/field: Banking / Banking Management (combination/specialization: Banking Manager)
Bachelor's thesis defence: Problematika získávání informací o klientech a jejich potřebách | Theses on a related topic
Faculty: AMBIS University
Year: 2012, studies completed, degree conferred: Bc.
Programme/field: Banking / Banking Management (combination/specialization: Banking Manager)
Bachelor's thesis defence: Problematika získávání informací o klientech a jejich potřebách | Theses on a related topic
22.
Novák, Radan
Faculty: AMBIS University
Year: 2009, studies completed, degree conferred: Ing.
Programme/field: Economics and Management / Information Technologies and Management
Master's thesis defence: Nasazení IT systému v bance | Theses on a related topic
Faculty: AMBIS University
Year: 2009, studies completed, degree conferred: Ing.
Programme/field: Economics and Management / Information Technologies and Management
Master's thesis defence: Nasazení IT systému v bance | Theses on a related topic
23.
Novotný, Stanislav
Faculty: AMBIS University
Year: 2007, studies completed, degree conferred: Ing.
Programme/field: Economics and Management / Information Technologies and Management
Master's thesis defence: Návrh procesu HelpDesk a jeho implementace | Theses on a related topic
Faculty: AMBIS University
Year: 2007, studies completed, degree conferred: Ing.
Programme/field: Economics and Management / Information Technologies and Management
Master's thesis defence: Návrh procesu HelpDesk a jeho implementace | Theses on a related topic
24.
Ocela, Petr
Faculty: AMBIS University
Year: 2013, studies completed, degree conferred: Ing.
Programme/field: Economics and Management / Information Technologies and Management
Master's thesis defence: Implementace CA IT Client Manager | Theses on a related topic
Faculty: AMBIS University
Year: 2013, studies completed, degree conferred: Ing.
Programme/field: Economics and Management / Information Technologies and Management
Master's thesis defence: Implementace CA IT Client Manager | Theses on a related topic
25.
Ondrák, Jan
Faculty: AMBIS University
Year: 2009, studies completed, degree conferred: Ing.
Programme/field: Economics and Management / Information Technologies and Management
Master's thesis defence: Audit informační bezpečnosti | Theses on a related topic
Faculty: AMBIS University
Year: 2009, studies completed, degree conferred: Ing.
Programme/field: Economics and Management / Information Technologies and Management
Master's thesis defence: Audit informační bezpečnosti | Theses on a related topic
26.
Pávek, Libor
Faculty: AMBIS University
Year: 2009, studies completed, degree conferred: Ing.
Programme/field: Economics and Management / Information Technologies and Management
Master's thesis defence: Procesní řízení útvarů IT | Theses on a related topic
Faculty: AMBIS University
Year: 2009, studies completed, degree conferred: Ing.
Programme/field: Economics and Management / Information Technologies and Management
Master's thesis defence: Procesní řízení útvarů IT | Theses on a related topic
27.
Pavlasová, Petra maiden name: Vagnerová
Faculty: AMBIS University
Year: 2010, studies completed, degree conferred: Bc.
Programme/field: Banking / Legal Administration in Undertaking
Bachelor's thesis defence: Chudoba jako společenský problém | Theses on a related topic
Faculty: AMBIS University
Year: 2010, studies completed, degree conferred: Bc.
Programme/field: Banking / Legal Administration in Undertaking
Bachelor's thesis defence: Chudoba jako společenský problém | Theses on a related topic
28.
Pecha, Daniel
Faculty: AMBIS University
Year: 2023, studies completed, degree conferred: Bc.
Programme/field: Management and economy in public administration / Management and economy in public administration
Bachelor's thesis defence: Návrh zvýšení efektivity projektového řízení na projektu pro veřejnou správu | Theses on a related topic
Faculty: AMBIS University
Year: 2023, studies completed, degree conferred: Bc.
Programme/field: Management and economy in public administration / Management and economy in public administration
Bachelor's thesis defence: Návrh zvýšení efektivity projektového řízení na projektu pro veřejnou správu | Theses on a related topic
29.
Procházka, Zdenek
Faculty: AMBIS University
Year: 2010, studies completed, degree conferred: Ing.
Programme/field: Economics and Management / Information Technologies and Management
Master's thesis defence: Rozvoj podniku pomocí strategického řízení změn | Theses on a related topic
Faculty: AMBIS University
Year: 2010, studies completed, degree conferred: Ing.
Programme/field: Economics and Management / Information Technologies and Management
Master's thesis defence: Rozvoj podniku pomocí strategického řízení změn | Theses on a related topic
30.
Přikrylová, Monika
Faculty: AMBIS University
Year: 2011, studies completed, degree conferred: Ing.
Programme/field: Economics and Management / Information Technologies and Management
Master's thesis defence: Vztah IT k obchodním činnostem a nastavení způsobu komunikace | Theses on a related topic
Faculty: AMBIS University
Year: 2011, studies completed, degree conferred: Ing.
Programme/field: Economics and Management / Information Technologies and Management
Master's thesis defence: Vztah IT k obchodním činnostem a nastavení způsobu komunikace | Theses on a related topic
31.
Rajter, Michal
Faculty: Banking Institute/College of Banking SK
Year: 2013, studies completed, degree conferred: Bc.
Programme/field: Banking / Information Technologies
Bachelor's thesis defence: Problematika riadenia projektov vo vývoji a správe IS. | Theses on a related topic
Faculty: Banking Institute/College of Banking SK
Year: 2013, studies completed, degree conferred: Bc.
Programme/field: Banking / Information Technologies
Bachelor's thesis defence: Problematika riadenia projektov vo vývoji a správe IS. | Theses on a related topic
32.
Růžička, Tomáš
Faculty: AMBIS University
Year: 2010, studies completed, degree conferred: Ing.
Programme/field: Economics and Management / Information Technologies and Management
Master's thesis defence: Návrh a prototypová implementace systému pro správu požadavků | Theses on a related topic
Faculty: AMBIS University
Year: 2010, studies completed, degree conferred: Ing.
Programme/field: Economics and Management / Information Technologies and Management
Master's thesis defence: Návrh a prototypová implementace systému pro správu požadavků | Theses on a related topic
33.
Sapík, Milan
Faculty: AMBIS University
Year: 2007, studies completed, degree conferred: Bc.
Programme/field: Banking / Information Technologies
Bachelor's thesis defence: Metodologie řízení vývoje a provozu IS/IT v bance ve vztahu k CRM | Theses on a related topic
Faculty: AMBIS University
Year: 2007, studies completed, degree conferred: Bc.
Programme/field: Banking / Information Technologies
Bachelor's thesis defence: Metodologie řízení vývoje a provozu IS/IT v bance ve vztahu k CRM | Theses on a related topic
34.
Sapík, Milan
Faculty: AMBIS University
Year: 2009, studies completed, degree conferred: Ing.
Programme/field: Economics and Management / Information Technologies and Management
Master's thesis defence: Porovnání metodických rámců ITIL a CoBit a návrh vzorového řešení | Theses on a related topic
Faculty: AMBIS University
Year: 2009, studies completed, degree conferred: Ing.
Programme/field: Economics and Management / Information Technologies and Management
Master's thesis defence: Porovnání metodických rámců ITIL a CoBit a návrh vzorového řešení | Theses on a related topic
35.
Skočovský, Marek
Faculty: AMBIS University
Year: 2012, studies completed, degree conferred: Ing.
Programme/field: Economics and Management / Information Technologies and Management
Master's thesis defence: Zabezpečenie počítačových sietí | Theses on a related topic
Faculty: AMBIS University
Year: 2012, studies completed, degree conferred: Ing.
Programme/field: Economics and Management / Information Technologies and Management
Master's thesis defence: Zabezpečenie počítačových sietí | Theses on a related topic
36.
Skrisa, Michal
Faculty: Banking Institute/College of Banking SK
Year: 2013, studies completed, degree conferred: Bc.
Programme/field: Banking / Information Technologies
Bachelor's thesis defence: Informačná podpora používateľov na báze ITIL-u | Theses on a related topic
Faculty: Banking Institute/College of Banking SK
Year: 2013, studies completed, degree conferred: Bc.
Programme/field: Banking / Information Technologies
Bachelor's thesis defence: Informačná podpora používateľov na báze ITIL-u | Theses on a related topic
37.
Slavíková, Dana maiden name: Slavíková
Faculty: AMBIS University
Year: 2015, studies completed, degree conferred: Ing.
Programme/field: Economics and Management / Finance
Master's thesis defence: Zabezpečení kontinuity podnikání banky | Theses on a related topic
Faculty: AMBIS University
Year: 2015, studies completed, degree conferred: Ing.
Programme/field: Economics and Management / Finance
Master's thesis defence: Zabezpečení kontinuity podnikání banky | Theses on a related topic
38.
Stingl, Martin
Faculty: AMBIS University
Year: 2017, studies completed, degree conferred: Bc.
Programme/field: Economics and Management / Information Technologies and Management (combination/specialization: Project Manager of Information Systems)
Bachelor's thesis defence: Optimalizace procesů IT podpory | Theses on a related topic
Faculty: AMBIS University
Year: 2017, studies completed, degree conferred: Bc.
Programme/field: Economics and Management / Information Technologies and Management (combination/specialization: Project Manager of Information Systems)
Bachelor's thesis defence: Optimalizace procesů IT podpory | Theses on a related topic
39.
Šalanský, Miroslav
Faculty: AMBIS University
Year: 2011, studies completed, degree conferred: Bc.
Programme/field: Banking / Information Technologies (combination/specialization: Project Manager of Information Systems)
Bachelor's thesis defence: Infrastruktura a aplikační software korporátní banky | Theses on a related topic
Faculty: AMBIS University
Year: 2011, studies completed, degree conferred: Bc.
Programme/field: Banking / Information Technologies (combination/specialization: Project Manager of Information Systems)
Bachelor's thesis defence: Infrastruktura a aplikační software korporátní banky | Theses on a related topic
40.
Šimíček, Ladislav
Faculty: AMBIS University
Year: 2013, studies completed, degree conferred: Ing.
Programme/field: Economics and Management / Information Technologies and Management
Master's thesis defence: ICT governance v českém bankovnictví | Theses on a related topic
Faculty: AMBIS University
Year: 2013, studies completed, degree conferred: Ing.
Programme/field: Economics and Management / Information Technologies and Management
Master's thesis defence: ICT governance v českém bankovnictví | Theses on a related topic
41.
Tlučhoř, Martin
Faculty: AMBIS University
Year: 2013, studies completed, degree conferred: Ing.
Programme/field: Economics and Management / Information Technologies and Management
Master's thesis defence: Zabezpečení ICT v rámci projektu rozdělení společnosti | Theses on a related topic
Faculty: AMBIS University
Year: 2013, studies completed, degree conferred: Ing.
Programme/field: Economics and Management / Information Technologies and Management
Master's thesis defence: Zabezpečení ICT v rámci projektu rozdělení společnosti | Theses on a related topic
42.
Vágnerová, Jana maiden name: Doškářová
Faculty: AMBIS University
Year: 2009, studies completed, degree conferred: Ing.
Programme/field: Economics and Management / Information Technologies and Management
Master's thesis defence: Management zpravodajského internetového portálu | Theses on a related topic
Faculty: AMBIS University
Year: 2009, studies completed, degree conferred: Ing.
Programme/field: Economics and Management / Information Technologies and Management
Master's thesis defence: Management zpravodajského internetového portálu | Theses on a related topic
43.
Zeman, Pavel
Faculty: AMBIS University
Year: 2010, studies completed, degree conferred: Bc.
Programme/field: Banking / Information Technologies (combination/specialization: IT Service Manager)
Bachelor's thesis defence: Propojení ITIL procesů | Theses on a related topic
Faculty: AMBIS University
Year: 2010, studies completed, degree conferred: Bc.
Programme/field: Banking / Information Technologies (combination/specialization: IT Service Manager)
Bachelor's thesis defence: Propojení ITIL procesů | Theses on a related topic
44.
Živný, Martin
Faculty: AMBIS University
Year: 2021, studies completed, degree conferred: Bc.
Programme/field: Economics and Management / Economics and Enterprise Management
Bachelor's thesis defence: Analýza a sběr infrastrukturních dat v IT | Theses on a related topic
Faculty: AMBIS University
Year: 2021, studies completed, degree conferred: Bc.
Programme/field: Economics and Management / Economics and Enterprise Management
Bachelor's thesis defence: Analýza a sběr infrastrukturních dat v IT | Theses on a related topic